https://cm2.liecourt.com/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Frank&feedformat=atomcm2.liecourt.com - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T21:32:14ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.31.14https://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/187&diff=4833Workflow/1872022-11-16T13:56:21Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Needs judge<br />
|Filed by=User:Frank<br />
|Case ID=AffHfj3hjHaf6hf0ch0h<br />
|Lie=Intelligent Life Is Self Destructive<br />
|Topic=Scientific Lie<br />
|Accusation=According to the probabilistic Drake Equation (see below), advanced intelligent life has probably developed many times in the universe. For example, if the odds of an advanced civilization developing on a habitable planet are one in a trillion, then at least 10 billion such civilizations should have occurred.<br />
<br />
We are left with a quandary. To restate the Fermi Paradox, where are they? Why have we not encountered them?<br />
<br />
Researchers at NASA's JPL have written a paper (in the peer review process) that states that such civilizations have most likely been "filtered" out, the result of five factors: 1) Diseases/pandemics; 2) Wars (probably nuclear); 3) Depletion of resources/self-induced climate change; 4) Natural catastrophe, i.e., astroids or volcanoes; 5) Destruction by rogue Artificial Intelligence.<br />
<br />
The researchers call this phenomenon the Great Filter, and claim that the odds of surviving long enough to communicate with others are astonishingly small. What's more, given the vastness of the cosmos, even if a civilization did survive the Great Filter, the likelihood of an encounter between us and them practically nil.<br />
<br />
Please refer to the articles and the researchers' paper, below:<br />
<br />
1) https://www.huffpost.com/entry/great-filter-theory-intelligent-life-extinction-nasa_n_636fee4ce4b0ca9acf253784<br />
<br />
2) https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1350/are-we-alone-in-the-universe-revisiting-the-drake-equation/<br />
<br />
3) https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/2210/2210.10582.pdf<br />
<br />
4) Here is a discussion about the Drake Equation: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drake_equation<br />
<br />
5) N =R∗ ×fp ×ne ×fl ×fi ×fc ×L. (1)<br />
<br />
• N is the number of currently active, communicative civilizations in our galaxy.<br />
• R∗ is the rate at which stars form in our galaxy.<br />
• fp is the fraction of stars with planets.<br />
• ne is the number of planets that can potentially host life, per star that has planets. <br />
• fl is the fraction of the above that actually do develop life of any kind.<br />
• fi is the fraction of the above that develop intelligent life.<br />
• fc is the fraction of the above that develop the capacity for interstellar communication. <br />
• L is the length of time that such communicative civilizations are active.<br />
<br />
Note that “fraction of the above” means that all the previous conditions have been satisfied. For example, when we consider fc we assume that intelligent life has already developed.<br />
|Locations=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/great-filter-theory-intelligent-life-extinction-nasa_n_636fee4ce4b0ca9acf253784<br />
|Markup=<b>All intelligent life has likely destroyed itself before reaching a sophisticated enough point in its evolution to support an encounter with our civilization.</b><br />
|uuid=5df59af1-834b-4ee3-aa33-b77192896f9f<br />
|Random judge=User:Tkyoder<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/187&diff=4832Workflow/1872022-11-16T13:54:59Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Needs judge<br />
|Filed by=User:Frank<br />
|Case ID=AffHfj3hjHaf6hf0ch0h<br />
|Lie=Intelligent Life Is Self Destructive<br />
|Topic=Scientific Lie<br />
|Accusation=According to the probabilistic Drake Equation (see below), advanced intelligent life has probably developed many times in the universe. For example, if the odds of an advanced civilization developing on a habitable planet are one in a trillion, then at least 10 billion such civilizations should have occurred.<br />
<br />
We are left with a quandary. To restate the Fermi Paradox, where are they? Why have we not encountered them?<br />
<br />
Researchers at NASA's JPL have written a paper (in the peer review process) that states that such civilizations have most likely been "filtered" out, the result of five factors: 1) Diseases/pandemics; 2) Wars (probably nuclear); 3) Depletion of resources/self-induced climate change; 4) Natural catastrophe, i.e., astroids or volcanoes; 5) Destruction by rogue Artificial Intelligence.<br />
<br />
The researchers call this phenomenon the Great Filter, and claim that the odds of surviving long enough to communicate with others are astonishingly small. What's more, given the vastness of the cosmos, even if a civilization did survive the Great Filter, the likelihood of an encounter between us and them practically nil.<br />
<br />
Please refer to the articles and the researchers' paper, below:<br />
<br />
1) https://www.huffpost.com/entry/great-filter-theory-intelligent-life-extinction-nasa_n_636fee4ce4b0ca9acf253784<br />
<br />
2) https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1350/are-we-alone-in-the-universe-revisiting-the-drake-equation/<br />
<br />
3) https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/2210/2210.10582.pdf<br />
<br />
4) Here is a discussion about the Drake Equation: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drake_equation<br />
<br />
5) N =R∗ ×fp ×ne ×fl ×fi ×fc ×L. (1)<br />
<br />
• N is the number of currently active, communicative civilizations in our galaxy.<br />
• R∗ is the rate at which stars form in our galaxy.<br />
• fp is the fraction of stars with planets.<br />
• ne is the number of planets that can potentially host life, per star that has planets. <br />
• fl is the fraction of the above that actually do develop life of any kind.<br />
• fi is the fraction of the above that develop intelligent life.<br />
• fc is the fraction of the above that develop the capacity for interstellar communication. <br />
• L is the length of time that such communicative civilizations are active.<br />
<br />
Note that “fraction of the above” means that all the previous conditions have been satisfied. For example, when we consider fc we assume that intelligent life has already developed.<br />
|Locations=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/great-filter-theory-intelligent-life-extinction-nasa_n_636fee4ce4b0ca9acf253784<br />
|Markup=<b>All intelligent life has likely destroyed itself before reaching a sophisticated enough point in its evolution to support an encounter with our civilization.</b><br />
|uuid=5df59af1-834b-4ee3-aa33-b77192896f9f<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Verdict:AffHfj3hjHaf6hf0ch0h/2&diff=4831Verdict:AffHfj3hjHaf6hf0ch0h/22022-11-16T13:54:58Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Verdict<br />
|Role=Plaintiff<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/187<br />
|Case ID=AffHfj3hjHaf6hf0ch0h<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Truth=no<br />
|Truth percentage=65<br />
|Truth text=The researchers assume that all life forms are carbon-based and subject to the natural selection process, which relies on continuous competition.<br />
|Whole truth=no<br />
|Whole truth percentage=80<br />
|Whole truth text=There is an unstated bias that assumes that all life will be similar in development and behavior to ours.<br />
|Nothing But the truth=no<br />
|Nothing But the truth percentage=80<br />
|Nothing But the truth text=The notion of "life" is too narrowly defined. "Life" forms could exist that are utterly beyond our comprehension, and may easily avoid the Great Filter.<br />
|Deceit=That all life follows "natural" laws similar or identical to what we understand.<br />
|Deceit percentage=90<br />
|Deceit text=<br />
|Deceit intended=no<br />
|Deceit intended percentage=60<br />
|Deceit intended text=Many scientists exhibit twin biases of which they are blissfully unaware: 1) that we understand (or can understand) the fundamental nature of reality; 2) that "life" and intelligence only develops in ways that fit current science.<br />
|Motivation=The motivation is unintentional. Scientists believe that they are advancing knowledge.<br />
|Motivation percentage=90<br />
|Motivation text=<br />
|Social acceptability=Acceptable<br />
|Social acceptability percentage=25<br />
|Social acceptability text=At this point in our development as a species, these faulty assumptions are mostly benign.<br />
|Label=This claim does not take into account unexamined underlying assumptions.<br />
|Label percentage=100<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Verdict:AffHfj3hjHaf6hf0ch0h/2&diff=4830Verdict:AffHfj3hjHaf6hf0ch0h/22022-11-16T13:37:49Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Verdict<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Role=Plaintiff<br />
|Case ID=AffHfj3hjHaf6hf0ch0h<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/187<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Participant/322&diff=4829Participant/3222022-11-16T13:37:48Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Participant<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Role=Plaintiff<br />
|Case ID=AffHfj3hjHaf6hf0ch0h<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/187<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/187&diff=4828Workflow/1872022-11-16T13:37:41Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Waiting for Plaintiff verdict<br />
|Filed by=User:Frank<br />
|Case ID=AffHfj3hjHaf6hf0ch0h<br />
|Lie=Intelligent Life Is Self Destructive <br />
|Topic=Scientific Lie<br />
|Accusation=According to the probabilistic Drake Equation (see below), advanced intelligent life has probably developed many times in the universe. For example, if the odds of an advanced civilization developing on a habitable planet are one in a trillion, then at least 10 billion such civilizations should have occurred.<br />
<br />
We are left with a quandary. To restate the Fermi Paradox, where are they? Why have we not encountered them?<br />
<br />
Researchers at NASA's JPL have written a paper (in the peer review process) that states that such civilizations have most likely been "filtered" out, the result of five factors: 1) Diseases/pandemics; 2) Wars (probably nuclear); 3) Depletion of resources/self-induced climate change; 4) Natural catastrophe, i.e., astroids or volcanoes; 5) Destruction by rogue Artificial Intelligence.<br />
<br />
The researchers call this phenomenon the Great Filter, and claim that the odds of surviving long enough to communicate with others are astonishingly small. What's more, given the vastness of the cosmos, even if a civilization did survive the Great Filter, the likelihood of an encounter between us and them practically nil.<br />
<br />
Please refer to the articles and the researchers' paper, below:<br />
<br />
1) https://www.huffpost.com/entry/great-filter-theory-intelligent-life-extinction-nasa_n_636fee4ce4b0ca9acf253784<br />
<br />
2) https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1350/are-we-alone-in-the-universe-revisiting-the-drake-equation/<br />
<br />
3) https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/2210/2210.10582.pdf<br />
<br />
4) Here is a discussion about the Drake Equation: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drake_equation<br />
<br />
5) N =R∗ ×fp ×ne ×fl ×fi ×fc ×L. (1)<br />
<br />
• N is the number of currently active, communicative civilizations in our galaxy.<br />
• R∗ is the rate at which stars form in our galaxy.<br />
• fp is the fraction of stars with planets.<br />
• ne is the number of planets that can potentially host life, per star that has planets. <br />
• fl is the fraction of the above that actually do develop life of any kind.<br />
• fi is the fraction of the above that develop intelligent life.<br />
• fc is the fraction of the above that develop the capacity for interstellar communication. <br />
• L is the length of time that such communicative civilizations are active.<br />
<br />
Note that “fraction of the above” means that all the previous conditions have been satisfied. For example, when we consider fc we assume that intelligent life has already developed.<br />
<br />
|Locations=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/great-filter-theory-intelligent-life-extinction-nasa_n_636fee4ce4b0ca9acf253784<br />
|Markup=<b>All intelligent life has likely destroyed itself before reaching a sophisticated enough point in its evolution to support an encounter with our civilization.</b><br />
|uuid=5df59af1-834b-4ee3-aa33-b77192896f9f<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/186&diff=4806Workflow/1862022-10-30T14:52:07Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Needs judge<br />
|Filed by=User:Frank<br />
|Case ID=AffGac9adEaf6ga3iaDe<br />
|Lie=Aging Leaders Hurt America<br />
|Topic=Not a lie!<br />
|Accusation=America’s leadership class is increasingly older, with many politicians seeking election well beyond the time that most retire. But what if the concern over a longtime politician’s age has less to do with fear that the candidate might die or become incapacitated — and more to do with whether trying to snag yet another term at an age when almost everyone else is retired is just plain arrogant and greedy?<br />
<br />
Iowa’s Senator Chuck Grassley makes a good test of that question — a test that merits attention from elected officials across this geriatric-run country..<br />
<br />
Unlike Senate colleagues such as California Democrat Dianne Feinstein, Grassley has never been trailed by reports that he’s losing his marbles. Unlike a whole slew of other senators — including much younger pols like 50-year-old New Mexico Democrat Ben Ray Luján, who suffered a stroke — he hasn’t missed significant chunks of time due to serious health issues. His ad touts his best-in-the-Senate attendance record.<br />
<br />
And yet a poll published this week that has shocked political pros in the state suggests voters have serious qualms about Grassley’s age. The survey, by the veteran Iowa polling firm Selzer & Co., reported that Grassley was running only 3 points ahead of his Democratic challenger, Mike Franken. Iowa’s Republican governor, meanwhile, was leading her race by 17 points, according to the survey, conducted with the Des Moines Register.<br />
<br />
Despite months of Grassley-the-pushup-pro messaging, some 60 percent of respondents, including more than a third of Republicans, told pollsters that they thought age was a concern.<br />
<br />
The question that ought to occupy the minds of people like the incumbent president of the United States (who turns 80 this fall), his most likely 2024 challenger (now 76), the Democratic triumvirate atop the House of Representatives (82, 83 and 82) and maybe the entire Senate (the oldest in American history) is: What kind of concern? If nobody is challenging the notion that Grassley is physically and mentally up to the job, shouldn’t everything be fine?<br />
<br />
Not for everybody.<br />
<br />
From NYT:<br />
<br />
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/14/us/politics/youth-voters-midterms-polling.html<br />
<br />
Alexandra Chadwick went to the polls in 2020 with the single goal of ousting Donald J. Trump. A 22-year-old first-time voter, she saw Joseph R. Biden Jr. as more of a safeguard than an inspiring political figure, someone who could stave off threats to abortion access, gun control and climate policy.<br />
<br />
Two years later, as the Supreme Court has eroded federal protections on all three, Ms. Chadwick now sees President Biden and other Democratic leaders as lacking both the imagination and willpower to fight back. She points to a generational gap — one she once overlooked but now seems cavernous.<br />
<br />
“How are you going to accurately lead your country if your mind is still stuck 50, 60 or 70 years ago?” Ms. Chadwick, a customer service representative in Rialto, Calif., said of the many septuagenarian leaders at the helm of her party. “It’s not the same, and people aren’t the same, and your old ideas aren’t going to work as well anymore.”<br />
|Locations=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/10/21/voters-worried-chuck-grassley-age-00062805<br />
|Markup=<i>The problem of America’s gerontocracy is not one of infirm or senescent leadership, but one of an increasingly impenetrable elite with entrenched habits and jobs that are entitlements, who are surrounded by staff who shield them from the real world.</i><br />
|uuid=38e7f993-9c00-4825-ae9b-1c91962f59d6<br />
|Random judge=User:TiCaudata<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/186&diff=4805Workflow/1862022-10-30T14:50:22Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Needs judge<br />
|Filed by=User:Frank<br />
|Case ID=AffGac9adEaf6ga3iaDe<br />
|Lie=Aging Leaders Hurt America<br />
|Topic=Not a lie!<br />
|Accusation=America’s leadership class is increasingly older, with many politicians seeking election well beyond the time that most retire. But what if the concern over a longtime politician’s age has less to do with fear that the candidate might die or become incapacitated — and more to do with whether trying to snag yet another term at an age when almost everyone else is retired is just plain arrogant and greedy?<br />
<br />
Iowa’s Senator Chuck Grassley makes a good test of that question — a test that merits attention from elected officials across this geriatric-run country..<br />
<br />
Unlike Senate colleagues such as California Democrat Dianne Feinstein, Grassley has never been trailed by reports that he’s losing his marbles. Unlike a whole slew of other senators — including much younger pols like 50-year-old New Mexico Democrat Ben Ray Luján, who suffered a stroke — he hasn’t missed significant chunks of time due to serious health issues. His ad touts his best-in-the-Senate attendance record.<br />
<br />
And yet a poll published this week that has shocked political pros in the state suggests voters have serious qualms about Grassley’s age. The survey, by the veteran Iowa polling firm Selzer & Co., reported that Grassley was running only 3 points ahead of his Democratic challenger, Mike Franken. Iowa’s Republican governor, meanwhile, was leading her race by 17 points, according to the survey, conducted with the Des Moines Register.<br />
<br />
Despite months of Grassley-the-pushup-pro messaging, some 60 percent of respondents, including more than a third of Republicans, told pollsters that they thought age was a concern.<br />
<br />
The question that ought to occupy the minds of people like the incumbent president of the United States (who turns 80 this fall), his most likely 2024 challenger (now 76), the Democratic triumvirate atop the House of Representatives (82, 83 and 82) and maybe the entire Senate (the oldest in American history) is: What kind of concern? If nobody is challenging the notion that Grassley is physically and mentally up to the job, shouldn’t everything be fine?<br />
<br />
Not for everybody.<br />
<br />
From NYT:<br />
<br />
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/14/us/politics/youth-voters-midterms-polling.html<br />
<br />
Alexandra Chadwick went to the polls in 2020 with the single goal of ousting Donald J. Trump. A 22-year-old first-time voter, she saw Joseph R. Biden Jr. as more of a safeguard than an inspiring political figure, someone who could stave off threats to abortion access, gun control and climate policy.<br />
<br />
Two years later, as the Supreme Court has eroded federal protections on all three, Ms. Chadwick now sees President Biden and other Democratic leaders as lacking both the imagination and willpower to fight back. She points to a generational gap — one she once overlooked but now seems cavernous.<br />
<br />
“How are you going to accurately lead your country if your mind is still stuck 50, 60 or 70 years ago?” Ms. Chadwick, a customer service representative in Rialto, Calif., said of the many septuagenarian leaders at the helm of her party. “It’s not the same, and people aren’t the same, and your old ideas aren’t going to work as well anymore.”<br />
|Locations=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/10/21/voters-worried-chuck-grassley-age-00062805<br />
|Markup=<i>The problem of America’s gerontocracy is not one of infirm or senescent leadership, but one of an increasingly impenetrable elite with entrenched habits and jobs that are entitlements, who are surrounded by staff who shield them from the real world.</i><br />
|uuid=38e7f993-9c00-4825-ae9b-1c91962f59d6<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Verdict:AffGac9adEaf6ga3iaDe/2&diff=4804Verdict:AffGac9adEaf6ga3iaDe/22022-10-30T14:50:21Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Verdict<br />
|Role=Plaintiff<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/186<br />
|Case ID=AffGac9adEaf6ga3iaDe<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Truth=yes<br />
|Truth percentage=80<br />
|Truth text=While this is not the only problem associated with our elderly leadership, and it is not relegated to only older politicians, it is one of major concern.<br />
|Whole truth=no<br />
|Whole truth percentage=20<br />
|Whole truth text=Other problems also exist, and claims like this can be counterproductive and create an environment that can discourage younger citizens's participation. The statement also ignores or minimizes the fact that experience gained with age may be very helpful.<br />
|Nothing But the truth=no<br />
|Nothing But the truth percentage=20<br />
|Nothing But the truth text=Some younger politicians are also guilty of entrenched habits and have jobs that have become entitlements.<br />
|Deceit=There may not be a deceit, but If there is one, it lies in discouraging a discussion of detrimental factors other than a possible constricted world-view. It also completely ignores the fact that age-related experience may be very useful in dealing with issues.<br />
|Deceit percentage=50<br />
|Deceit text=While our aging leadership does seem somewhat out of touch, younger leaders throughout the world are also experiencing difficulties.<br />
|Deceit intended=no<br />
|Deceit intended percentage=51<br />
|Deceit intended text=There may be no deceit.<br />
|Motivation= Younger politicians may make this claim to gain an electoral advantage, even if it is not 100% true.<br />
|Motivation percentage=75<br />
|Motivation text=This is a sound tactic, since the media are quick to pounce on any evidence of an older politician being out of step or not "getting" some current trend.<br />
|Social acceptability=Acceptable<br />
|Social acceptability percentage=55<br />
|Social acceptability text=If this claim makes older politicians more aware of age-related issues that could possibly be influencing them, then the claim is acceptable, even though it may not be 100% true.<br />
|Label=This claim may ignore or minimize many other factors.<br />
|Label percentage=70<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Verdict:AffGac9adEaf6ga3iaDe/2&diff=4803Verdict:AffGac9adEaf6ga3iaDe/22022-10-30T14:18:50Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Verdict<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Role=Plaintiff<br />
|Case ID=AffGac9adEaf6ga3iaDe<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/186<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Participant/321&diff=4802Participant/3212022-10-30T14:18:49Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Participant<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Role=Plaintiff<br />
|Case ID=AffGac9adEaf6ga3iaDe<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/186<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/186&diff=4801Workflow/1862022-10-30T14:18:42Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Waiting for Plaintiff verdict<br />
|Filed by=User:Frank<br />
|Case ID=AffGac9adEaf6ga3iaDe<br />
|Lie=Aging Leaders Hurt America<br />
|Topic=Not a lie!<br />
|Accusation=America’s leadership class is increasingly older, with many politicians seeking election well beyond the time that most retire. But what if the concern over a longtime politician’s age has less to do with fear that the candidate might die or become incapacitated — and more to do with whether trying to snag yet another term at an age when almost everyone else is retired is just plain arrogant and greedy?<br />
<br />
Iowa’s Senator Chuck Grassley makes a good test of that question — a test that merits attention from elected officials across this geriatric-run country..<br />
<br />
Unlike Senate colleagues such as California Democrat Dianne Feinstein, Grassley has never been trailed by reports that he’s losing his marbles. Unlike a whole slew of other senators — including much younger pols like 50-year-old New Mexico Democrat Ben Ray Luján, who suffered a stroke — he hasn’t missed significant chunks of time due to serious health issues. His ad touts his best-in-the-Senate attendance record.<br />
<br />
And yet a poll published this week that has shocked political pros in the state suggests voters have serious qualms about Grassley’s age. The survey, by the veteran Iowa polling firm Selzer & Co., reported that Grassley was running only 3 points ahead of his Democratic challenger, Mike Franken. Iowa’s Republican governor, meanwhile, was leading her race by 17 points, according to the survey, conducted with the Des Moines Register.<br />
<br />
Despite months of Grassley-the-pushup-pro messaging, some 60 percent of respondents, including more than a third of Republicans, told pollsters that they thought age was a concern.<br />
<br />
The question that ought to occupy the minds of people like the incumbent president of the United States (who turns 80 this fall), his most likely 2024 challenger (now 76), the Democratic triumvirate atop the House of Representatives (82, 83 and 82) and maybe the entire Senate (the oldest in American history) is: What kind of concern? If nobody is challenging the notion that Grassley is physically and mentally up to the job, shouldn’t everything be fine?<br />
<br />
Not for everybody.<br />
<br />
From NYT:<br />
<br />
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/14/us/politics/youth-voters-midterms-polling.html<br />
<br />
Alexandra Chadwick went to the polls in 2020 with the single goal of ousting Donald J. Trump. A 22-year-old first-time voter, she saw Joseph R. Biden Jr. as more of a safeguard than an inspiring political figure, someone who could stave off threats to abortion access, gun control and climate policy.<br />
<br />
Two years later, as the Supreme Court has eroded federal protections on all three, Ms. Chadwick now sees President Biden and other Democratic leaders as lacking both the imagination and willpower to fight back. She points to a generational gap — one she once overlooked but now seems cavernous.<br />
<br />
“How are you going to accurately lead your country if your mind is still stuck 50, 60 or 70 years ago?” Ms. Chadwick, a customer service representative in Rialto, Calif., said of the many septuagenarian leaders at the helm of her party. “It’s not the same, and people aren’t the same, and your old ideas aren’t going to work as well anymore.”<br />
|Locations=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/10/21/voters-worried-chuck-grassley-age-00062805<br />
|Markup=<i>The problem of America’s gerontocracy is not one of infirm or senescent leadership, but one of an increasingly impenetrable elite with entrenched habits and jobs that are entitlements, who are surrounded by staff who shield them from the real world.</i><br />
|uuid=38e7f993-9c00-4825-ae9b-1c91962f59d6<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Verdict:Aff6giHjc6af6fg9hj3f/4&diff=4797Verdict:Aff6giHjc6af6fg9hj3f/42022-10-26T16:19:30Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Verdict<br />
|Role=Juror<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/185<br />
|Case ID=Aff6giHjc6af6fg9hj3f<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Truth=no<br />
|Truth percentage=60<br />
|Truth text=Standards don't necessarily hinder innovation. For example, the US uses a certain voltage, the EU another. There have been plenty of electrical developments that work within these standards.<br />
|Whole truth=no<br />
|Whole truth percentage=95<br />
|Whole truth text=It is important to note that maybe innovation isn't always the most important. By switching to usb-c people will need fewer cables and will have fewer cables to throw away. Besides. you won't have to carry around a bunch of cables anymore.<br />
|Nothing But the truth=no<br />
|Nothing But the truth percentage=85<br />
|Nothing But the truth text=Standards direct innovation in a certain direction, but don't necessarily hinder it.<br />
|Deceit=That innovation only takes place under certain conditions.<br />
|Deceit percentage=100<br />
|Deceit text=<br />
|Deceit intended=yes<br />
|Deceit intended percentage=85<br />
|Deceit intended text=Apple is well-known for using apple-specific accessories. This statement supports this practice.<br />
|Motivation=So they can keep using the lightning connector for their own ecosystem of devices wich makes them more money.<br />
|Motivation percentage=85<br />
|Motivation text=-<br />
|Social acceptability=Unacceptable<br />
|Social acceptability percentage=100<br />
|Social acceptability text=Apple is using tech-speak and specious reasoning to justify a practice that enhances their profits.<br />
|Label=This statement is Apple trying to determine pre-conditions for innovation, when in fact no such pre-conditions exist.<br />
|Label percentage=85<br />
|Label text=Apple wants to have free reign in designing whatever will be the most profitable, not what is necessarily needed.<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Verdict:Aff6giHjc6af6fg9hj3f/4&diff=4792Verdict:Aff6giHjc6af6fg9hj3f/42022-10-26T16:09:04Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
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<div>{{Verdict<br />
|Case ID=Aff6giHjc6af6fg9hj3f<br />
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|User=User:Frank<br />
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|Participant=Participant/1666800237<br />
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<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
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|Stage=Needs jurors<br />
|Filed by=User:Admin<br />
|Case ID=Aff6giHjc6af6fg9hj3f<br />
|Lie=Apple doesn't want to be forced to use usb-c<br />
|Accusation=The EU has forced apple to use USB type c on their next devices. This will allow people to use one cable to charge all their new devices, but apple isn't happy with this. Greg Joswiak said this mandatory standard hinders innovation.<br />
|Locations=https://www.macrumors.com/2022/10/26/craig-joz-wsj-event/<br />
|Markup=<i>A mandatory standard hinders innovation.</i><br />
|uuid=a469f252-5685-4e24-bb9b-3a43a22e3961<br />
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<hr />
<div>{{Participant<br />
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}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/183&diff=4741Workflow/1832022-10-19T13:15:43Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Needs judge<br />
|Filed by=User:Frank<br />
|Case ID=Aff6ahBhh9af6faHbhHi<br />
|Lie=The US is a Christian Nation<br />
|Topic=Factual lie that is the truth<br />
|Accusation=Politico reports that Doug Mastriano, the Republican nominee for governor in Pennsylvania, has argued that America is a Christian nation and that the separation of church and state is a “myth.” https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/09/21/most-republicans-support-declaring-the-united-states-a-christian-nation-00057736 The &quot; The Establishment Clause,&quot; the first clause in the Bill of Rights, states that “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion.”<br />
|Locations=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/09/21/most-republicans-support-declaring-the-united-states-a-christian-nation-00057736<br />
|Markup=<i>Politico reports that Doug Mastriano, the Republican nominee for governor in Pennsylvania, has argued that </i><b>America is a Christian nation and that the separation of church and state is a “myth.”&nbsp;</b><br />
|uuid=01e2296e-130e-4288-a2a2-6dc84eacded8<br />
|Random judge=User:Tkyoder<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/183&diff=4740Workflow/1832022-10-19T13:14:43Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Needs judge<br />
|Filed by=User:Frank<br />
|Case ID=Aff6ahBhh9af6faHbhHi<br />
|Lie=The US is a Christian Nation<br />
|Topic=Factual lie that is the truth<br />
|Accusation=Politico reports that Doug Mastriano, the Republican nominee for governor in Pennsylvania, has argued that America is a Christian nation and that the separation of church and state is a “myth.” https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/09/21/most-republicans-support-declaring-the-united-states-a-christian-nation-00057736 The &quot; The Establishment Clause,&quot; the first clause in the Bill of Rights, states that “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion.”<br />
|Locations=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/09/21/most-republicans-support-declaring-the-united-states-a-christian-nation-00057736<br />
|Markup=<i>Politico reports that Doug Mastriano, the Republican nominee for governor in Pennsylvania, has argued that </i><b>America is a Christian nation and that the separation of church and state is a “myth.”&nbsp;</b><br />
|uuid=01e2296e-130e-4288-a2a2-6dc84eacded8<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Verdict:Aff6ahBhh9af6faHbhHi/2&diff=4739Verdict:Aff6ahBhh9af6faHbhHi/22022-10-19T13:14:42Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Verdict<br />
|Role=Plaintiff<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/183<br />
|Case ID=Aff6ahBhh9af6faHbhHi<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Truth=yes<br />
|Truth percentage=50<br />
|Truth text=Even though the Bill of Rights guarantees that the State shall establish no religion, the US is, de facto, a christian nation.<br />
|Whole truth=no<br />
|Whole truth percentage=50<br />
|Whole truth text=Most citizens think that the US is a christian nation since most citizens are christian.<br />
|Nothing But the truth=no<br />
|Nothing But the truth percentage=50<br />
|Nothing But the truth text=It is a nuanced issue, and "truth" depends on the perspective of the viewer.<br />
|Deceit=There are two deceits: 1) that the US is a christian nation, and 2) that the US is not a christian nation.<br />
|Deceit percentage=<br />
|Deceit text=<br />
|Deceit intended=yes<br />
|Deceit intended percentage=50<br />
|Deceit intended text=Perhaps an unintended deceit on the part of many, who believe that the US is a christian nation.<br />
|Motivation=For the political candidate making the claim, the motivation is to build solidarity with fervent christians and undermine the views of those who believe the US is not a christian nation.<br />
|Motivation percentage=<br />
|Motivation text=<br />
|Social acceptability=Acceptable<br />
|Social acceptability percentage=50<br />
|Social acceptability text=It is a commonly believed misconception.<br />
|Label=Though the US Constitution does not establish an "official" religion, and by law the US is secular, in practice, most people in the US believe it to be a "christian" nation.<br />
|Label percentage=100<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Verdict:Aff6ahBhh9af6faHbhHi/2&diff=4738Verdict:Aff6ahBhh9af6faHbhHi/22022-10-19T12:45:07Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
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<div>{{Verdict<br />
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|Case ID=Aff6ahBhh9af6faHbhHi<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/183<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Participant/318&diff=4737Participant/3182022-10-19T12:45:05Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Participant<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Role=Plaintiff<br />
|Case ID=Aff6ahBhh9af6faHbhHi<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/183<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/183&diff=4736Workflow/1832022-10-19T12:44:57Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Waiting for Plaintiff verdict<br />
|Filed by=User:Frank<br />
|Case ID=Aff6ahBhh9af6faHbhHi<br />
|Lie=The US is a Christian Nation<br />
|Topic=Factual lie that is the truth<br />
|Accusation=Politico reports that Doug Mastriano, the Republican nominee for governor in Pennsylvania, has argued that America is a Christian nation and that the separation of church and state is a “myth.” https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/09/21/most-republicans-support-declaring-the-united-states-a-christian-nation-00057736 The &quot; The Establishment Clause,&quot; the first clause in the Bill of Rights, states that “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion.”<br />
<br />
|Locations=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/09/21/most-republicans-support-declaring-the-united-states-a-christian-nation-00057736<br />
|Markup=<i>Politico reports that Doug Mastriano, the Republican nominee for governor in Pennsylvania, has argued that </i><b>America is a Christian nation and that the separation of church and state is a “myth.”&nbsp;</b><br />
|uuid=01e2296e-130e-4288-a2a2-6dc84eacded8<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/182&diff=4735Workflow/1822022-10-12T16:36:19Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Settled<br />
|Filed by=User:Rhtcmu<br />
|Case ID=AffEeg3eg3af6eeGceGc<br />
|Lie=Hoax School Attack Lies<br />
|Topic=Hoax Lies<br />
|Accusation=Hoax calls are lies typically using phone or internet media that<br />
threaten violence. This is called swatting. <br />
<br />
The question is how to dissect such calls if indeed they do turn out of be lies. Here the motive appears to be<br />
in question. This article suggests a general motive.<br />
<br />
They are intended to set off a massive and immediate deployment of armed law enforcement to a specific target, including SWAT teams. The results can be quite dangerous, as they were in a fatal incident in 2017, when police swatted a man in Wichita, Kansas.<br />
<br />
A shift from bomb threats to false calls about active shooters may also reflect that bad actors understand how heavily school shootings have come to factor into communities' fears in the U.S.<br />
<br />
"The underlying reason that it is effective as a disruption or as an emotional, psychological attack is because we know it could be real," said Amanda Klinger, director of operations for the Educator School Safety Network, a national nonprofit organization that does school safety for primarily K-12 educators. "Our fear of school shootings and school-based violence is being weaponized against us."<br />
<br />
<br />
The background is given on the NPR page.<br />
False calls about active school shooters are rising. Behind them is a strange pattern<br />
October 7, 20229:49 AM ET<br />
Odette Yousef headshot<br />
ODETTE YOUSEF<br />
<br />
<br />
In response to a false call about an active shooter, police and emergency workers descended on Robert Anderson Middle School in Anderson, South Carolina, on Oct. 5. Parents rushed to pick up their children, causing a traffic jam in front of the school.<br />
Ken Ruinard/USA TODAY Network/Reuters<br />
When Emmi Conley first heard in September about a rash of hoax calls reporting active shooters in schools, she dismissed it. Conley, an extremism researcher who studies groups and people behind public displays of violence, said she found no indication that these calls were connected to fringe online spaces where these pranks often originate.<br />
<br />
But as the number of these reports swelled over time, Conley said she began to discern some very strange patterns — including the possibility that the calls may have come from overseas, and perhaps specifically from Africa.<br />
<br />
"The scale and the timeline of the events is highly, highly unusual," she said. "The calls are consistent. They are coordinated. They are grouped state-by-state and district-by-district, and they're also sustained. So somebody is putting significant effort to keep these going."<br />
<br />
As Conley began digging further, more questions emerged. Elements of these calls were notably different than what she has typically seen in school-based threats. Nobody has taken credit for these calls, even as they stretched over several weeks, and the technological planning and research behind the calls betrayed a level of sophistication not typically seen.<br />
<br />
Sponsor Message<br />
<br />
In a statement, the FBI has said it is aware of the incidents, but has "no information to indicate a specific and credible threat."<br />
<br />
The agency said it is working with law enforcement at every level to investigate the cases. But some news reports, including in Minnesota and Louisiana, have cited local authorities who said the calls may be originating in Africa or, specifically, Ethiopia. The FBI would not comment on this detail.<br />
<br />
For Conley, particulars around these calls suggest that the people or person behind them are, indeed, overseas.<br />
<br />
"Our big questions now are whose attention are they after?" she said. "Is it the public? Law enforcement? Media? Something else? And why they're after it?"<br />
<br />
Swatting as the new 'bomb threat'<br />
The hoaxes are called "swatting," a term that refers to calls that falsely report an act of violence in progress or about to occur. They are intended to set off a massive and immediate deployment of armed law enforcement to a specific target, including SWAT teams. The results can be quite dangerous, as they were in a fatal incident in 2017, when police swatted a man in Wichita, Kansas.<br />
<br />
"It was popularized by extremely online communities with proclivities toward violence and perceived ideological enemies," said Conley. Those have included live-gaming communities and extremist groups, where perpetrators aim to harass specific individuals. The recent targeting of institutions, namely schools, appears to be a new development.<br />
<br />
NPR has found, primarily through local news reports, at least 113 instances of hoax calls across 19 states between Sept. 13 and Oct. 5. Louisiana, Minnesota and Virginia tallied the greatest number. This is likely an undercount, as many locations may not have garnered media attention. School safety experts worry that these hoaxes could inspire copycats, putting school communities and law enforcement officers at significant risk.<br />
<br />
"You know, for decades, those of us in the school safety world have dealt with false bomb threats," said Mo Canady, executive director for the non-profit organization National Association of School Resource Officers (NASRO). "If we get a call that someone is actively shooting, injuring, killing people, that's a whole different matter. That requires really an all-out response."<br />
<br />
Canady said swatting presents a higher set of risks than bomb threats. In Ohio, one father was reportedly detained for arriving at Licking Valley High School with a gun after hearing that there may be an active shooter at that location. That response from a parent is understandable, said Canady, particularly as the horror of a school massacre in Uvalde remains fresh in many parents' minds. But, he notes, it could lead to confusion and worse at the scene.<br />
<br />
A shift from bomb threats to false calls about active shooters may also reflect that bad actors understand how heavily school shootings have come to factor into communities' fears in the U.S.<br />
<br />
"The underlying reason that it is effective as a disruption or as an emotional, psychological attack is because we know it could be real," said Amanda Klinger, director of operations for the Educator School Safety Network, a national nonprofit organization that does school safety for primarily K-12 educators. "Our fear of school shootings and school-based violence is being weaponized against us."<br />
<br />
'A connection to overseas'<br />
In audio obtained by NPR of some calls in Ohio and one call in Minnesota, the person reporting an active shooting breathes heavily and follows a nearly identical narrative. He identifies himself as a student at the school, although he sounds like an adult male. He also speaks with a heavy accent. NPR also requested call records from locations in other states, but many were denied on the basis that the incidents are under investigation.<br />
<br />
Drew Evans, superintendent at the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension, said he has also heard audio of hoax calls that were placed in states other than Ohio and Minnesota. He said they sounded very similar.<br />
<br />
"There was an accent here and it appeared to be a similar person or the same person in all the calls either heard or reported in to us," Evans said. The MBCA is investigating 17 swatting calls that occurred Sept. 21 in Minnesota.<br />
<br />
Evans said that the calls in his state were all made directly to schools or to non-emergency dispatch lines, rather than to 911. He said they appeared to be coming from Internet-based phone numbers, which either originated in or were routed through foreign countries through a VPN connection.<br />
<br />
"There's indications that there's a connection to overseas," he said. "What we don't know is whether or not overseas could have been used as a mask."<br />
<br />
Conley said the possibility that the calls came from a foreign individual or entity may be bolstered by details that the caller provided that are atypical of school shootings in the U.S. For example, the particular model of gun the caller referenced as the weapon was often different from what is commonly used in school shootings.<br />
<br />
"America has a very particular relationship with guns," she said. "The the cultural object of the mass shooting in the United States is the AR-15."<br />
<br />
But both Conley and Evans noted this campaign indicates a tremendous level of detailed local knowledge or research.<br />
<br />
"Whoever is doing this has managed to make phone calls relating to specific schools, reach the correct dispatchers, and give specific information about local school districts and threats within them without being caught," Conley said. "You couldn't do that without some considerable effort and investigation into knowing where you're targeting, how you're targeting it and how you were avoiding detection."<br />
<br />
An earlier wave<br />
Some are considering the possibility that the person or group behind the calls is building on prior experience. In the spring, schools in several states reported receiving false calls about bomb threats. In Minnesota, the MBCA confirmed that nine schools were targeted. Evans said there were similarities between how those calls were placed, and the more recent wave of false active shooter reports.<br />
<br />
"There [were similarities] in terms of the specificity in which they were calling in the particular threat, it appeared to be one individual that was making the calls, and they certainly seemed to be one individual that was a live person," he said. Evans said that those calls, as with the calls in September, were also made to non-emergency lines.<br />
<br />
"Some of the schools believe there's a potential they could be connected," he said.<br />
<br />
NPR identified at least six states where schools received bomb threats starting in mid-March and mostly concentrated through April. Minnesota, North Carolina, Maine, Louisiana and Hawaii each saw multiple hoax calls on a single day.<br />
<br />
In Louisiana, where at least five schools received false calls about bomb threats on April 21, one local report said that investigators had linked the IP address of the caller to Ethiopia. More recently, a report from Minnesota cited Alexandria Police Chief Scott Kent saying that he believed the calls made in September to schools in his state were linked to an IP address in Ethiopia. Kent did not respond to interview requests.<br />
<br />
Evans said the investigation into the April calls to Minnesota schools remains open.<br />
<br />
The difficulty of discerning a motive<br />
Whether the source of these hoaxes is domestic or foreign, one perplexing question remains the same: Why?<br />
<br />
"I would find myself wondering, especially if it's coming from another country, is someone potentially trying to test our systems to see how we respond to those types of events?" said Canady.<br />
<br />
NASRO recently issued guidance to schools on handling swatting calls. Chief among it, said Canady, is to continue to operate under the assumption that each call is a real threat.<br />
<br />
"If we hesitate, it can cost lives," he said. "So unfortunately, we have to continue to proceed in an emergency manner... until we know for a fact that it's not a real incident."<br />
<br />
But there's also concern that if the dramatic uptick in swatting sustains or continues to rise, that emergency response itself can create trauma. Klinger said even hoaxes can create fearful situations that exact a psychological and emotional toll upon students, educators and parents. She said she would like to see more federal guidance on how to keep school communities safe, but still nurturing.<br />
<br />
"If I continue to just shut down the schools, shut down the school, shut down the school... how does it end? How do you ever stop it?" she said.<br />
<br />
Without a clear ideological aim behind these calls, or any known organization, the effort may not clearly qualify as terrorism under the FBI's definition of the term. But many note that its effect may be the same.<br />
<br />
"There's a significant amount of intentionality based on the information that's been reported," said Evans. "They were doing this with a purpose to cause fear in our communities."<br />
|Locations=https://www.npr.org/2022/10/07/1127242702/false-calls-about-active-shooters-at-schools-are-up-why<br />
|Slot=2022-10-12/12:00 - 12:15 AM<br />
|Markup="The underlying reason that it is effective as a disruption or as an emotional, psychological attack is because we know it could be real," said Amanda Klinger, director of operations for the Educator School Safety Network, a national nonprofit organization that does school safety for primarily K-12 educators. "<i>Our fear of school shootings and school-based violence is being weaponized against us</i>.<br />
|uuid=145995a3-a141-4bb0-a487-5e425a0e1e79<br />
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<hr />
<div>{{Verdict<br />
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|Workflow=Workflow/182<br />
|Case ID=AffEeg3eg3af6eeGceGc<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Truth=yes<br />
|Truth percentage=85<br />
|Truth text=Yes, our fear is being weaponized<br />
|Whole truth=yes<br />
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|Whole truth text=There may other factors at work<br />
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|Deceit text=<br />
|Deceit intended=no<br />
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|Motivation=There is no lie, but NPR is trying to alert us of a serious misinformation campaign that is taking place<br />
|Motivation percentage=90<br />
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|Social acceptability=Acceptable<br />
|Social acceptability percentage=100<br />
|Social acceptability text=Not a lie.<br />
|Label=NPR is alerting us of a possible issue.<br />
|Label percentage=100<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Verdict:AffEeg3eg3af6eeGceGc/5&diff=4733Verdict:AffEeg3eg3af6eeGceGc/52022-10-12T16:31:06Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
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}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/182&diff=4718Workflow/1822022-10-12T15:59:25Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Needs jurors<br />
|Filed by=User:Rhtcmu<br />
|Case ID=AffEeg3eg3af6eeGceGc<br />
|Lie=Hoax School Attack Lies<br />
|Topic=Hoax Lies<br />
|Accusation=Hoax calls are lies typically using phone or internet media that<br />
threaten violence. This is called swatting. <br />
<br />
The question is how to dissect such calls if indeed they do turn out of be lies. Here the motive appears to be<br />
in question. This article suggests a general motive.<br />
<br />
They are intended to set off a massive and immediate deployment of armed law enforcement to a specific target, including SWAT teams. The results can be quite dangerous, as they were in a fatal incident in 2017, when police swatted a man in Wichita, Kansas.<br />
<br />
A shift from bomb threats to false calls about active shooters may also reflect that bad actors understand how heavily school shootings have come to factor into communities' fears in the U.S.<br />
<br />
"The underlying reason that it is effective as a disruption or as an emotional, psychological attack is because we know it could be real," said Amanda Klinger, director of operations for the Educator School Safety Network, a national nonprofit organization that does school safety for primarily K-12 educators. "Our fear of school shootings and school-based violence is being weaponized against us."<br />
<br />
<br />
The background is given on the NPR page.<br />
False calls about active school shooters are rising. Behind them is a strange pattern<br />
October 7, 20229:49 AM ET<br />
Odette Yousef headshot<br />
ODETTE YOUSEF<br />
<br />
<br />
In response to a false call about an active shooter, police and emergency workers descended on Robert Anderson Middle School in Anderson, South Carolina, on Oct. 5. Parents rushed to pick up their children, causing a traffic jam in front of the school.<br />
Ken Ruinard/USA TODAY Network/Reuters<br />
When Emmi Conley first heard in September about a rash of hoax calls reporting active shooters in schools, she dismissed it. Conley, an extremism researcher who studies groups and people behind public displays of violence, said she found no indication that these calls were connected to fringe online spaces where these pranks often originate.<br />
<br />
But as the number of these reports swelled over time, Conley said she began to discern some very strange patterns — including the possibility that the calls may have come from overseas, and perhaps specifically from Africa.<br />
<br />
"The scale and the timeline of the events is highly, highly unusual," she said. "The calls are consistent. They are coordinated. They are grouped state-by-state and district-by-district, and they're also sustained. So somebody is putting significant effort to keep these going."<br />
<br />
As Conley began digging further, more questions emerged. Elements of these calls were notably different than what she has typically seen in school-based threats. Nobody has taken credit for these calls, even as they stretched over several weeks, and the technological planning and research behind the calls betrayed a level of sophistication not typically seen.<br />
<br />
Sponsor Message<br />
<br />
In a statement, the FBI has said it is aware of the incidents, but has "no information to indicate a specific and credible threat."<br />
<br />
The agency said it is working with law enforcement at every level to investigate the cases. But some news reports, including in Minnesota and Louisiana, have cited local authorities who said the calls may be originating in Africa or, specifically, Ethiopia. The FBI would not comment on this detail.<br />
<br />
For Conley, particulars around these calls suggest that the people or person behind them are, indeed, overseas.<br />
<br />
"Our big questions now are whose attention are they after?" she said. "Is it the public? Law enforcement? Media? Something else? And why they're after it?"<br />
<br />
Swatting as the new 'bomb threat'<br />
The hoaxes are called "swatting," a term that refers to calls that falsely report an act of violence in progress or about to occur. They are intended to set off a massive and immediate deployment of armed law enforcement to a specific target, including SWAT teams. The results can be quite dangerous, as they were in a fatal incident in 2017, when police swatted a man in Wichita, Kansas.<br />
<br />
"It was popularized by extremely online communities with proclivities toward violence and perceived ideological enemies," said Conley. Those have included live-gaming communities and extremist groups, where perpetrators aim to harass specific individuals. The recent targeting of institutions, namely schools, appears to be a new development.<br />
<br />
NPR has found, primarily through local news reports, at least 113 instances of hoax calls across 19 states between Sept. 13 and Oct. 5. Louisiana, Minnesota and Virginia tallied the greatest number. This is likely an undercount, as many locations may not have garnered media attention. School safety experts worry that these hoaxes could inspire copycats, putting school communities and law enforcement officers at significant risk.<br />
<br />
"You know, for decades, those of us in the school safety world have dealt with false bomb threats," said Mo Canady, executive director for the non-profit organization National Association of School Resource Officers (NASRO). "If we get a call that someone is actively shooting, injuring, killing people, that's a whole different matter. That requires really an all-out response."<br />
<br />
Canady said swatting presents a higher set of risks than bomb threats. In Ohio, one father was reportedly detained for arriving at Licking Valley High School with a gun after hearing that there may be an active shooter at that location. That response from a parent is understandable, said Canady, particularly as the horror of a school massacre in Uvalde remains fresh in many parents' minds. But, he notes, it could lead to confusion and worse at the scene.<br />
<br />
A shift from bomb threats to false calls about active shooters may also reflect that bad actors understand how heavily school shootings have come to factor into communities' fears in the U.S.<br />
<br />
"The underlying reason that it is effective as a disruption or as an emotional, psychological attack is because we know it could be real," said Amanda Klinger, director of operations for the Educator School Safety Network, a national nonprofit organization that does school safety for primarily K-12 educators. "Our fear of school shootings and school-based violence is being weaponized against us."<br />
<br />
'A connection to overseas'<br />
In audio obtained by NPR of some calls in Ohio and one call in Minnesota, the person reporting an active shooting breathes heavily and follows a nearly identical narrative. He identifies himself as a student at the school, although he sounds like an adult male. He also speaks with a heavy accent. NPR also requested call records from locations in other states, but many were denied on the basis that the incidents are under investigation.<br />
<br />
Drew Evans, superintendent at the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension, said he has also heard audio of hoax calls that were placed in states other than Ohio and Minnesota. He said they sounded very similar.<br />
<br />
"There was an accent here and it appeared to be a similar person or the same person in all the calls either heard or reported in to us," Evans said. The MBCA is investigating 17 swatting calls that occurred Sept. 21 in Minnesota.<br />
<br />
Evans said that the calls in his state were all made directly to schools or to non-emergency dispatch lines, rather than to 911. He said they appeared to be coming from Internet-based phone numbers, which either originated in or were routed through foreign countries through a VPN connection.<br />
<br />
"There's indications that there's a connection to overseas," he said. "What we don't know is whether or not overseas could have been used as a mask."<br />
<br />
Conley said the possibility that the calls came from a foreign individual or entity may be bolstered by details that the caller provided that are atypical of school shootings in the U.S. For example, the particular model of gun the caller referenced as the weapon was often different from what is commonly used in school shootings.<br />
<br />
"America has a very particular relationship with guns," she said. "The the cultural object of the mass shooting in the United States is the AR-15."<br />
<br />
But both Conley and Evans noted this campaign indicates a tremendous level of detailed local knowledge or research.<br />
<br />
"Whoever is doing this has managed to make phone calls relating to specific schools, reach the correct dispatchers, and give specific information about local school districts and threats within them without being caught," Conley said. "You couldn't do that without some considerable effort and investigation into knowing where you're targeting, how you're targeting it and how you were avoiding detection."<br />
<br />
An earlier wave<br />
Some are considering the possibility that the person or group behind the calls is building on prior experience. In the spring, schools in several states reported receiving false calls about bomb threats. In Minnesota, the MBCA confirmed that nine schools were targeted. Evans said there were similarities between how those calls were placed, and the more recent wave of false active shooter reports.<br />
<br />
"There [were similarities] in terms of the specificity in which they were calling in the particular threat, it appeared to be one individual that was making the calls, and they certainly seemed to be one individual that was a live person," he said. Evans said that those calls, as with the calls in September, were also made to non-emergency lines.<br />
<br />
"Some of the schools believe there's a potential they could be connected," he said.<br />
<br />
NPR identified at least six states where schools received bomb threats starting in mid-March and mostly concentrated through April. Minnesota, North Carolina, Maine, Louisiana and Hawaii each saw multiple hoax calls on a single day.<br />
<br />
In Louisiana, where at least five schools received false calls about bomb threats on April 21, one local report said that investigators had linked the IP address of the caller to Ethiopia. More recently, a report from Minnesota cited Alexandria Police Chief Scott Kent saying that he believed the calls made in September to schools in his state were linked to an IP address in Ethiopia. Kent did not respond to interview requests.<br />
<br />
Evans said the investigation into the April calls to Minnesota schools remains open.<br />
<br />
The difficulty of discerning a motive<br />
Whether the source of these hoaxes is domestic or foreign, one perplexing question remains the same: Why?<br />
<br />
"I would find myself wondering, especially if it's coming from another country, is someone potentially trying to test our systems to see how we respond to those types of events?" said Canady.<br />
<br />
NASRO recently issued guidance to schools on handling swatting calls. Chief among it, said Canady, is to continue to operate under the assumption that each call is a real threat.<br />
<br />
"If we hesitate, it can cost lives," he said. "So unfortunately, we have to continue to proceed in an emergency manner... until we know for a fact that it's not a real incident."<br />
<br />
But there's also concern that if the dramatic uptick in swatting sustains or continues to rise, that emergency response itself can create trauma. Klinger said even hoaxes can create fearful situations that exact a psychological and emotional toll upon students, educators and parents. She said she would like to see more federal guidance on how to keep school communities safe, but still nurturing.<br />
<br />
"If I continue to just shut down the schools, shut down the school, shut down the school... how does it end? How do you ever stop it?" she said.<br />
<br />
Without a clear ideological aim behind these calls, or any known organization, the effort may not clearly qualify as terrorism under the FBI's definition of the term. But many note that its effect may be the same.<br />
<br />
"There's a significant amount of intentionality based on the information that's been reported," said Evans. "They were doing this with a purpose to cause fear in our communities."<br />
|Locations=https://www.npr.org/2022/10/07/1127242702/false-calls-about-active-shooters-at-schools-are-up-why<br />
|Slot=2022-10-12/12:00 - 12:15 AM<br />
|Markup="The underlying reason that it is effective as a disruption or as an emotional, psychological attack is because we know it could be real," said Amanda Klinger, director of operations for the Educator School Safety Network, a national nonprofit organization that does school safety for primarily K-12 educators. "<i>Our fear of school shootings and school-based violence is being weaponized against us</i>.<br />
|uuid=145995a3-a141-4bb0-a487-5e425a0e1e79<br />
|Random judge=done<br />
|Judge=User:Frank<br />
|Juror amount=5<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Case/AffEeg3eg3af6eeGceGc&diff=4717Case/AffEeg3eg3af6eeGceGc2022-10-12T15:59:24Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Suit<br />
|Title=Hoax School Attack Lies<br />
|Case ID=AffEeg3eg3af6eeGceGc<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/182<br />
|vbvbv=You cannot manage tokens!<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/182&diff=4714Workflow/1822022-10-12T15:58:53Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Judge accepted<br />
|Filed by=User:Rhtcmu<br />
|Case ID=AffEeg3eg3af6eeGceGc<br />
|Lie=Hoax School Attack Lies<br />
|Topic=Hoax Lies<br />
|Accusation=Hoax calls are lies typically using phone or internet media that<br />
threaten violence. This is called swatting. <br />
<br />
The question is how to dissect such calls if indeed they do turn out of be lies. Here the motive appears to be<br />
in question. This article suggests a general motive.<br />
<br />
They are intended to set off a massive and immediate deployment of armed law enforcement to a specific target, including SWAT teams. The results can be quite dangerous, as they were in a fatal incident in 2017, when police swatted a man in Wichita, Kansas.<br />
<br />
A shift from bomb threats to false calls about active shooters may also reflect that bad actors understand how heavily school shootings have come to factor into communities' fears in the U.S.<br />
<br />
"The underlying reason that it is effective as a disruption or as an emotional, psychological attack is because we know it could be real," said Amanda Klinger, director of operations for the Educator School Safety Network, a national nonprofit organization that does school safety for primarily K-12 educators. "Our fear of school shootings and school-based violence is being weaponized against us."<br />
<br />
<br />
The background is given on the NPR page.<br />
False calls about active school shooters are rising. Behind them is a strange pattern<br />
October 7, 20229:49 AM ET<br />
Odette Yousef headshot<br />
ODETTE YOUSEF<br />
<br />
<br />
In response to a false call about an active shooter, police and emergency workers descended on Robert Anderson Middle School in Anderson, South Carolina, on Oct. 5. Parents rushed to pick up their children, causing a traffic jam in front of the school.<br />
Ken Ruinard/USA TODAY Network/Reuters<br />
When Emmi Conley first heard in September about a rash of hoax calls reporting active shooters in schools, she dismissed it. Conley, an extremism researcher who studies groups and people behind public displays of violence, said she found no indication that these calls were connected to fringe online spaces where these pranks often originate.<br />
<br />
But as the number of these reports swelled over time, Conley said she began to discern some very strange patterns — including the possibility that the calls may have come from overseas, and perhaps specifically from Africa.<br />
<br />
"The scale and the timeline of the events is highly, highly unusual," she said. "The calls are consistent. They are coordinated. They are grouped state-by-state and district-by-district, and they're also sustained. So somebody is putting significant effort to keep these going."<br />
<br />
As Conley began digging further, more questions emerged. Elements of these calls were notably different than what she has typically seen in school-based threats. Nobody has taken credit for these calls, even as they stretched over several weeks, and the technological planning and research behind the calls betrayed a level of sophistication not typically seen.<br />
<br />
Sponsor Message<br />
<br />
In a statement, the FBI has said it is aware of the incidents, but has "no information to indicate a specific and credible threat."<br />
<br />
The agency said it is working with law enforcement at every level to investigate the cases. But some news reports, including in Minnesota and Louisiana, have cited local authorities who said the calls may be originating in Africa or, specifically, Ethiopia. The FBI would not comment on this detail.<br />
<br />
For Conley, particulars around these calls suggest that the people or person behind them are, indeed, overseas.<br />
<br />
"Our big questions now are whose attention are they after?" she said. "Is it the public? Law enforcement? Media? Something else? And why they're after it?"<br />
<br />
Swatting as the new 'bomb threat'<br />
The hoaxes are called "swatting," a term that refers to calls that falsely report an act of violence in progress or about to occur. They are intended to set off a massive and immediate deployment of armed law enforcement to a specific target, including SWAT teams. The results can be quite dangerous, as they were in a fatal incident in 2017, when police swatted a man in Wichita, Kansas.<br />
<br />
"It was popularized by extremely online communities with proclivities toward violence and perceived ideological enemies," said Conley. Those have included live-gaming communities and extremist groups, where perpetrators aim to harass specific individuals. The recent targeting of institutions, namely schools, appears to be a new development.<br />
<br />
NPR has found, primarily through local news reports, at least 113 instances of hoax calls across 19 states between Sept. 13 and Oct. 5. Louisiana, Minnesota and Virginia tallied the greatest number. This is likely an undercount, as many locations may not have garnered media attention. School safety experts worry that these hoaxes could inspire copycats, putting school communities and law enforcement officers at significant risk.<br />
<br />
"You know, for decades, those of us in the school safety world have dealt with false bomb threats," said Mo Canady, executive director for the non-profit organization National Association of School Resource Officers (NASRO). "If we get a call that someone is actively shooting, injuring, killing people, that's a whole different matter. That requires really an all-out response."<br />
<br />
Canady said swatting presents a higher set of risks than bomb threats. In Ohio, one father was reportedly detained for arriving at Licking Valley High School with a gun after hearing that there may be an active shooter at that location. That response from a parent is understandable, said Canady, particularly as the horror of a school massacre in Uvalde remains fresh in many parents' minds. But, he notes, it could lead to confusion and worse at the scene.<br />
<br />
A shift from bomb threats to false calls about active shooters may also reflect that bad actors understand how heavily school shootings have come to factor into communities' fears in the U.S.<br />
<br />
"The underlying reason that it is effective as a disruption or as an emotional, psychological attack is because we know it could be real," said Amanda Klinger, director of operations for the Educator School Safety Network, a national nonprofit organization that does school safety for primarily K-12 educators. "Our fear of school shootings and school-based violence is being weaponized against us."<br />
<br />
'A connection to overseas'<br />
In audio obtained by NPR of some calls in Ohio and one call in Minnesota, the person reporting an active shooting breathes heavily and follows a nearly identical narrative. He identifies himself as a student at the school, although he sounds like an adult male. He also speaks with a heavy accent. NPR also requested call records from locations in other states, but many were denied on the basis that the incidents are under investigation.<br />
<br />
Drew Evans, superintendent at the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension, said he has also heard audio of hoax calls that were placed in states other than Ohio and Minnesota. He said they sounded very similar.<br />
<br />
"There was an accent here and it appeared to be a similar person or the same person in all the calls either heard or reported in to us," Evans said. The MBCA is investigating 17 swatting calls that occurred Sept. 21 in Minnesota.<br />
<br />
Evans said that the calls in his state were all made directly to schools or to non-emergency dispatch lines, rather than to 911. He said they appeared to be coming from Internet-based phone numbers, which either originated in or were routed through foreign countries through a VPN connection.<br />
<br />
"There's indications that there's a connection to overseas," he said. "What we don't know is whether or not overseas could have been used as a mask."<br />
<br />
Conley said the possibility that the calls came from a foreign individual or entity may be bolstered by details that the caller provided that are atypical of school shootings in the U.S. For example, the particular model of gun the caller referenced as the weapon was often different from what is commonly used in school shootings.<br />
<br />
"America has a very particular relationship with guns," she said. "The the cultural object of the mass shooting in the United States is the AR-15."<br />
<br />
But both Conley and Evans noted this campaign indicates a tremendous level of detailed local knowledge or research.<br />
<br />
"Whoever is doing this has managed to make phone calls relating to specific schools, reach the correct dispatchers, and give specific information about local school districts and threats within them without being caught," Conley said. "You couldn't do that without some considerable effort and investigation into knowing where you're targeting, how you're targeting it and how you were avoiding detection."<br />
<br />
An earlier wave<br />
Some are considering the possibility that the person or group behind the calls is building on prior experience. In the spring, schools in several states reported receiving false calls about bomb threats. In Minnesota, the MBCA confirmed that nine schools were targeted. Evans said there were similarities between how those calls were placed, and the more recent wave of false active shooter reports.<br />
<br />
"There [were similarities] in terms of the specificity in which they were calling in the particular threat, it appeared to be one individual that was making the calls, and they certainly seemed to be one individual that was a live person," he said. Evans said that those calls, as with the calls in September, were also made to non-emergency lines.<br />
<br />
"Some of the schools believe there's a potential they could be connected," he said.<br />
<br />
NPR identified at least six states where schools received bomb threats starting in mid-March and mostly concentrated through April. Minnesota, North Carolina, Maine, Louisiana and Hawaii each saw multiple hoax calls on a single day.<br />
<br />
In Louisiana, where at least five schools received false calls about bomb threats on April 21, one local report said that investigators had linked the IP address of the caller to Ethiopia. More recently, a report from Minnesota cited Alexandria Police Chief Scott Kent saying that he believed the calls made in September to schools in his state were linked to an IP address in Ethiopia. Kent did not respond to interview requests.<br />
<br />
Evans said the investigation into the April calls to Minnesota schools remains open.<br />
<br />
The difficulty of discerning a motive<br />
Whether the source of these hoaxes is domestic or foreign, one perplexing question remains the same: Why?<br />
<br />
"I would find myself wondering, especially if it's coming from another country, is someone potentially trying to test our systems to see how we respond to those types of events?" said Canady.<br />
<br />
NASRO recently issued guidance to schools on handling swatting calls. Chief among it, said Canady, is to continue to operate under the assumption that each call is a real threat.<br />
<br />
"If we hesitate, it can cost lives," he said. "So unfortunately, we have to continue to proceed in an emergency manner... until we know for a fact that it's not a real incident."<br />
<br />
But there's also concern that if the dramatic uptick in swatting sustains or continues to rise, that emergency response itself can create trauma. Klinger said even hoaxes can create fearful situations that exact a psychological and emotional toll upon students, educators and parents. She said she would like to see more federal guidance on how to keep school communities safe, but still nurturing.<br />
<br />
"If I continue to just shut down the schools, shut down the school, shut down the school... how does it end? How do you ever stop it?" she said.<br />
<br />
Without a clear ideological aim behind these calls, or any known organization, the effort may not clearly qualify as terrorism under the FBI's definition of the term. But many note that its effect may be the same.<br />
<br />
"There's a significant amount of intentionality based on the information that's been reported," said Evans. "They were doing this with a purpose to cause fear in our communities."<br />
|Locations=https://www.npr.org/2022/10/07/1127242702/false-calls-about-active-shooters-at-schools-are-up-why<br />
|Slot=2022-10-12/12:00 - 12:15 AM<br />
|Markup="The underlying reason that it is effective as a disruption or as an emotional, psychological attack is because we know it could be real," said Amanda Klinger, director of operations for the Educator School Safety Network, a national nonprofit organization that does school safety for primarily K-12 educators. "<i>Our fear of school shootings and school-based violence is being weaponized against us</i>.<br />
|uuid=145995a3-a141-4bb0-a487-5e425a0e1e79<br />
|Random judge=done<br />
|Judge=User:Frank<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Participant/1665590331&diff=4713Participant/16655903312022-10-12T15:58:51Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Participant<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Role=Judge<br />
|Case ID=AffEeg3eg3af6eeGceGc<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/182<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Verdict:AffDihAadGaf6diHaaDg/3&diff=4700Verdict:AffDihAadGaf6diHaaDg/32022-10-05T16:27:07Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Verdict<br />
|Role=Juror<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/181<br />
|Case ID=AffDihAadGaf6diHaaDg<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Name=Juror 2<br />
|Truth=no<br />
|Truth percentage=100<br />
|Truth text=This is classic doublespeak. The result of an illegal referendum does not make the territories Russian. <br />
|Whole truth=no<br />
|Whole truth percentage=100<br />
|Whole truth text=-They are not part of Russia, so how can they be returned to Russia?<br />
|Nothing But the truth=no<br />
|Nothing But the truth percentage=100<br />
|Nothing But the truth text=This is purely an authoritarian propaganda statement.<br />
|Deceit=That part of Ukraine is really part of Russia, and that an illegal referendum can effect a transfer of a sovereign nation.<br />
|Deceit percentage=100<br />
|Deceit text=-<br />
|Deceit intended=yes<br />
|Deceit intended percentage=100<br />
|Deceit intended text=Definitely he wants to use these claims to rectify all the bad things he is doing and is going to do in the future.<br />
|Motivation=Putin is backed into a corner and is trying to set up a rationale for the use of a massive--possibly nuclear--strike on Ukraine.<br />
|Motivation percentage=100<br />
|Motivation text=-<br />
|Social acceptability=Acceptable<br />
|Social acceptability text=Political propaganda that leads to violence is never acceptable.<br />
|Label=This is a dictator lie that indicates that Russia is possibly preparing for a tactical nuclear strike.<br />
|Label percentage=100<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Verdict:AffDihAadGaf6diHaaDg/3&diff=4690Verdict:AffDihAadGaf6diHaaDg/32022-10-05T16:18:10Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Verdict<br />
|Case ID=AffDihAadGaf6diHaaDg<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/181<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Role=Juror<br />
|Name=Juror 2<br />
|Participant=Participant/1664986675<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/181&diff=4689Workflow/1812022-10-05T16:17:58Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Needs jurors<br />
|Filed by=User:Bas<br />
|Case ID=AffDihAadGaf6diHaaDg<br />
|Lie=Putin (anexing ukranine territory)<br />
|Accusation=While Putin stated that russia has claimed Ukrainien territory for ever Ukrainian forces have already retaking parts of that claimed territory.<br />
<br />
This makes Putins statement factually untrue, because if it would be seen as true claiming land would be as easy as saying: "I once held that territory so that means it will always be mine". That is just not how it works.<br />
<br />
And besides this the referenda that have been taken haven't been fair for the ukrainien people.<br />
<br />
https://www.cnbc.com/2022/10/05/ukraine-hails-good-news-from-the-front-lines-with-major-gains-in-counteroffensives-.html<br />
|Locations=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russias-putin-signs-law-annexing-four-ukrainian-regions-2022-10-05/<br />
|Markup=There is no contradiction whatsoever. <b>They will be with Russia forever</b> <b>and they will be returned</b><br />
|uuid=01d89147-8b7f-4a16-8dab-c38ca8f847eb<br />
|Random judge=done<br />
|Judge=User:Rht5<br />
|Juror amount=5<br />
|Random juror=User:Armar, User:Isophist, User:Justin, User:Merel3,User:Isophist<br />
|Jurors=User:Frank<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Participant/1664986675&diff=4688Participant/16649866752022-10-05T16:17:56Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Participant<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Role=Juror<br />
|Name=Juror 2<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/181<br />
|Case ID=AffDihAadGaf6diHaaDg<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/180&diff=4656Workflow/1802022-09-28T16:06:17Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Needs jurors<br />
|Filed by=User:Rhtcmu<br />
|Case ID=AffDjaEdgDaf6djAedGd<br />
|Lie=Maui Lies<br />
|Topic=Travel Lies<br />
|Accusation=https://www.mauiaccommodations.com/blog/15-things-not-maui/<br />
<br />
Travel Lies are lies about living in different locations you can travel <br />
to. This Maui Accomodations Guide contains such lies warning about<br />
things NOT to do on Maui. <br />
15 Things NOT To Do on Maui<br />
<br />
To quote, <br />
<br />
<br />
THINGS YOU SHOULDN’T DO ON MAUI<br />
<br />
<br />
things you shouldn't do on Maui: stand up paddlers on the ocean<br />
Photo Courtesy of Garrett Hacking, PhotographyG.com<br />
<br />
1. Don’t rent a stand up paddle (SUP) board and blithely head out to sea. . . unless you are experienced with SUP. Or unless you want to make an unscheduled ocean excursion to Tahiti. By yourself. On just that little board. SUP is loads of fun, but get some training before hitting the waves. You’ll enjoy it more if you learn how to do it right, and you’ll be much safer with a little instruction under your belt (or swimsuit). When it comes to ocean sports like SUP, ignorance is not bliss. Ignorance is dangerous. <br />
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SUP boards are very easy in certain parts of Maui. The warning is to use them only in very calm areas including mornings. Maui has both very calm beaches and very rough ones.<br />
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2. Don’t leave opened food containers out. We share our island paradise with multitudes of insects and other critters who, like us, thrive in Maui’s warm, tropical climate. Ants, cockroaches, spiders, centipedes, rodents . . . they live here, just as we do, and are simply a fact of life in the tropics. Most homes and visitor accommodations exterminate the premises on a regular basis to keep unwanted creatures under control. But don’t tempt fate by leaving any opened food in your car, room, or on your lanai. That leftover piece of pineapple pizza or bowl of taro chips and guacamole is like ringing a dinner bell for our creepy, crawly neighbors and yelling, “Come and get it!”<br />
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things you shouldn't do on Maui: "falling coconuts" warning sign<br />
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3. Don’t stand (or sit or park or picnic or nap) directly under a coconut tree loaded with coconuts. Youch. Definitely one of those things you shouldn’t do on Maui. One of those babies can unexpectedly fall and dent your head—or your car—inflicting some serious damage. There are not always signs around to warn you, so pay attention to what is hovering over your head.<br />
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things you shouldn't do on Maui: coconuts overhead in a tree<br />
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Factually, people getting hit by falling coconuts is less likely than getting mauled by a shark. Almost unheard of. The right precaution is to look at the trees and make sure they are 'prunned' of coconuts if you are concerned...also they fall very directly down so you have to be very close to the tree.<br />
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4. Don’t call local residents “Hawaiians.” Those of us who live in Hawaii call ourselves “locals.” A “Hawaiian” is a person who is actually of Native Hawaiian ethnicity. So, for instance, I am a local—I live here. But I am not a Hawaiian. My husband (who is of Native Hawaiian ancestry) IS a Hawaiian—and he’s a local, too. And definitely don’t refer to local residents (or Hawaiians) as “natives.” Yikes. That’s sure to make the locals wince.<br />
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Visitors can call anybody anything, nobody really cares. Maui lives for vacationeers.<br />
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5. Don’t honk. On Maui, we don’t honk our horn at other drivers, unless we REALLY REALLY REALLY need to get their attention. We might send a friendly “toot” to a pal in a passing car, but we don’t hooooonk at people unless cars or lives are in imminent danger. Honking is sure to get you some “stink eye” (or worse), so don’t honk at other drivers unless you seriously need to get their attention for safety reasons.<br />
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Maui is so small people usually travel about 40 MPH on the highways. There are only about 180,000 people living on Maui. People rarely honk and also rarely use their signals. Use Waze to avoid construction delays and such.<br />
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things you shouldn't do on maui: a Maui beach<br />
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6. Don’t smoke on Maui beaches. Over the years, our beautiful beaches had become virtual ashtrays, littered with thousands of cigarette butts. Smoking is now prohibited on most Maui beaches, punishable by a fine up to $500.<br />
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This is pretty dated. Smoking is prohibited in lots of places, beaches included.<br />
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7. Don’t turn your back on the ocean. Keep your eyes on the surf. An unexpected wave can knock you down while you’re coming out of the water or stopping to adjust your flippers, injuring you or pulling you into the sea. Pay attention to the ocean so you are not caught off-guard. It’s more powerful than you are. Trust me on that.<br />
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Turning your back on the ocean is risky if you are on a rough beach. These are obvious. (i.e., 15 foot waves!).<br />
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things you shouldn't do on Maui: shark <br />
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8. Don’t swim in murky waters. After heavy rains, stay out of the ocean until the water clears. Avoid swimming near the mouths of rivers or streams or in any murky or brown water areas. These waters attract predators (pictured), and you don’t want to be mistaken for a fish or turtle when this guy is looking for a snack. Other Maui Beach Tips.<br />
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Maui is has the four highest shark attacks after three places in Florida. The murky (salt) water as much as a early mornings in a evenings during dusk. The attacks however are rarely fatal. <br />
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9. Don’t leave your windows open while you’re gone. Any windows. Whether it’s your car or accommodations. Maui is blessed with tropical weather that can change from moment to moment. So if you run into the grocery store on a sunny day and leave your car windows down (or even worse, leave the top down on your convertible rental car), you could very well come back 10 minutes later and discover that there was a downpour while you were gone and you can now swim in your back seat.<br />
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This isn't bad advice but you really do know if you are just leaving the car for five or ten minutes. Generally, everybody drives with their air conditioning on in the day because it is usually about 80 all year around during the day. Convertibles and open windows are rare.<br />
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things you shouldn't do on Maui: a loco moco plate<br />
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10. Don’t be afraid of “local” food. Yes, we have McDonalds, Burger King, and Starbucks. But why visit Maui and eat the same food you can get at home? There is such a rich variety of food here: tropical fruits and vegetables fresh from the farm; fish caught that morning and on your plate at lunchtime; local fast food eateries, food trucks, mom-and-pop cafes, ethnic foods, and cutting-edge fine dining restaurants with acclaimed chefs. Be adventurous and try some local foods you’ve never tasted before! For dining suggestions, see my Top 20 Favorite Restaurants.<br />
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eat where you see middle class locals eating... Never a bad idea.<br />
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11. Don’t scuba dive in the morning then head to the top of Mount Haleakala that afternoon. If you are a diver, wait 24 hours after scuba diving before driving up to Haleakala or doing any other high-altitude activity like a helicopter tour or mountainside zip line. Decompression sickness (aka “the bends”) is not a memory you want to take home from your Maui trip.<br />
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This is true and the warning is given by the National Park for Haleakala. What isn't given is that you should realize that the drive up and down that mountain has lots of places where you can drive off the road to your death. Drive slow and pull to the designated side areas to let local traffic pass you. The road up and down is more crowded than you might expect because many people work at the observatories and there are lots of visitors year around...and one road.<br />
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12. Don’t skimp on the sunscreen, but please use ONLY reef-safe sunscreen. Just keep slathering on the high-SPF sunscreen throughout the day when exploring the island. Due to our proximity to the Equator, Maui’s tropical sun can burn you fast, even more so when you are near the water, and even on a cloudy overcast day. Nothing can ruin a vacation faster than a painful sunburn! However, if you plan on going into the ocean, please be aware that many sunscreens have ingredients that can irreparably harm the coral reefs. <br />
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The safe suncreen is remarkably ineffective. You almost cannot find any zinc oxide which doesn't work well anyway. If you bring some old style which works well, you can use it but not on areas exposed to the ocean water.<br />
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On January 1, 2021, a new law took effect in Hawaii prohibiting the sale or distribution of sunscreens that contain oxybenzone or octinoxate, two chemicals that have been proven harmful to the marine ecosystems. Hawaii is the first place in the world to ban sunscreens with these chemicals. If you brought sunscreen with you that contains those chemicals, please do not use it here. Instead, choose mineral sunscreens with titanium oxide or zinc oxide, as they are reef-friendly choices. <br />
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things you shouldn't do on Maui: monk seal on beach<br />
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13. Don’t try to pet a Hawaiian monk seal or ride on the back of a green sea turtle. These are two of the many endangered and threatened species in the Hawaiian islands, and they are protected from harm or harassment by very strict State and Federal laws. So if you are lucky enough to see these wild creatures, enjoy them from a distance, and “look, don’t touch.” This should top everyone’s list of things you shouldn’t do on Maui.<br />
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Seeing monk seals is not common at all. But you will see turtles. <br />
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And, speaking of wild ocean creatures, DON’T FEED THE FISH. It may sound charming to have a flurry of tropical fish gather ’round for a hand-feeding when you’re snorkeling, but remember this is not an animated Disney movie. There are dangers. First, it’s harmful to the fish and disrupts the natural environmental balance, even affecting the coral reefs, which rely on hungry fish to keep them from being choked by algae. And fish can become aggressive–you can lose a finger (or worse) in the process. Plus, you don’t want to be at the center of a feeding frenzy that draws the attention of the “big boys” (see shark photo above). Please don’t feed the fish. <br />
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Don't feed the fish is true. If you have to feed something there are lots of friendly birds that obviously make their living cleaning up after people.<br />
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14. Don’t call the continental U.S. “the states.” Hawaii IS one of the states. The 50th state, to be precise. In Hawaii, we refer to the continental U.S. states as “the mainland.” Never “the states.” So statements like “I just arrived from the states” or “They’re having bad weather back in the states” will earn you a look from locals.<br />
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This is true:<br />
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15. Be cautious about removing any natural items to take as souvenirs. Our island environment, both on land and in the sea, is precious and fragile. Please respect it. It is illegal to take sand (since 2013), dead coral, rocks and other “marine deposits” from the beach. The exceptions are driftwood, shells, beach glass, glass floats (pictured below), and seaweed. It is also illegal to take rocks or minerals from Haleakala National Park; and don’t even think about uprooting an endangered Haleakala Silversword plant to take home — they are protected by Federal law, and theft of a Silversword is a felony crime.<br />
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DO relax and enjoy. DON’T stress or rush. And check out my other Practical Do’s and Don’ts for Maui Visitors. <br />
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This is true: Book directly with owner/managers whenever you can. If something goes wrong they can help unless a broker was involved.<br />
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Looking for great places to stay on Maui? You’ll save by BOOKING DIRECTLY with the owners/managers of these accommodations.<br />
Looking for Maui deals? Sign up here for our free monthly Maui Deals & Steals enewsletter with the latest book-direct deals from our advertisers. <br />
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Happy Travels!<br />
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|Accusation=The bad working conditions and high heat have caused a lot of working migrants to die a by Qatar so called "natural death". UN studies have found that the high temperatures and pour working conditions have a significant impact on the high death rate under migrant workers. <br />
<br />
As a tv personal Ronald de Boer supports Qatar and says that the numbers in the news and in particular 6500 workers that died is taken out of context. And supports Qatar in their work around the World Cup preparations.<br />
I believe it is a bad lie to support a dictatorship like Qatar in the harm they do to hard working immigrants. <br />
<br />
https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/feb/23/revealed-migrant-worker-deaths-qatar-fifa-world-cup-2022<br />
<br />
https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2021/08/qatar-failure-to-investigate-migrant-worker-deaths-leaves-families-in-despair/<br />
|Locations=https://m.fcupdate.nl/ampartikel/?id=399916<br />
|Markup=<i>he claimed that the 6,500 dead migrant workers were </i>"<b>taken out of context</b>.&nbsp;<br />
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|Truth text=The reports that amnesty and the guardian have made public state that the bad working environment causes a lot of the casualties. Hereby Ronald de Boer isn't a expert in this field and didn't give any real counter arguments and he is involved in the football so want to be more positive about this event because a lot of companys already boycot the World championship<br />
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|Deceit text=-<br />
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|Deceit intended percentage=65<br />
|Deceit intended text=Maybe they have brainwashed him into thinking like this but with all the information that is available about the subject he should know better<br />
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|Motivation percentage=90<br />
|Motivation text=<br />
|Social acceptability=Unacceptable<br />
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|Label=A unforgivable lie about the deaths<br />
|Label percentage=95<br />
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|Lie=Ronald de Boer as aambassader of Qatar lies about working conditions<br />
|Accusation=The bad working conditions and high heat have caused a lot of working migrants to die a by Qatar so called "natural death". UN studies have found that the high temperatures and pour working conditions have a significant impact on the high death rate under migrant workers. <br />
<br />
As a tv personal Ronald de Boer supports Qatar and says that the numbers in the news and in particular 6500 workers that died is taken out of context. And supports Qatar in their work around the World Cup preparations.<br />
I believe it is a bad lie to support a dictatorship like Qatar in the harm they do to hard working immigrants. <br />
<br />
https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/feb/23/revealed-migrant-worker-deaths-qatar-fifa-world-cup-2022<br />
<br />
https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2021/08/qatar-failure-to-investigate-migrant-worker-deaths-leaves-families-in-despair/<br />
|Locations=https://m.fcupdate.nl/ampartikel/?id=399916<br />
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|Accusation=The bad working conditions and high heat have caused a lot of working migrants to die a by Qatar so called "natural death". UN studies have found that the high temperatures and pour working conditions have a significant impact on the high death rate under migrant workers. <br />
<br />
As a tv personal Ronald de Boer supports Qatar and says that the numbers in the news and in particular 6500 workers that died is taken out of context. And supports Qatar in their work around the World Cup preparations.<br />
I believe it is a bad lie to support a dictatorship like Qatar in the harm they do to hard working immigrants. <br />
<br />
https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/feb/23/revealed-migrant-worker-deaths-qatar-fifa-world-cup-2022<br />
<br />
https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2021/08/qatar-failure-to-investigate-migrant-worker-deaths-leaves-families-in-despair/<br />
|Locations=https://m.fcupdate.nl/ampartikel/?id=399916<br />
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|Whole truth=no<br />
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|Whole truth text=It's a fabrication.<br />
|Nothing But the truth=no<br />
|Nothing But the truth percentage=100<br />
|Nothing But the truth text=Trump is trying to deflect<br />
|Deceit=Trump wants us to believe that since the documents were supposedly declassified by him, no crime was committed.<br />
|Deceit percentage=100<br />
|Deceit text=The facts is, whether the documents were classified or not doesn't matter. Having them in the first place is the issue. He's trying to make us forget the obvious fact that he did indeed have them in his possession.<br />
|Deceit intended=yes<br />
|Deceit intended percentage=100<br />
|Deceit intended text=Trump is up to his usual tactics--obfuscate, delay, confuse the issue.<br />
|Motivation=To avoid the legal issues and to curry favor with and incite his base<br />
|Motivation percentage=100<br />
|Motivation text=Trump has been able to effectively use the issue to inflame. There have been many. many threats against FBI agents and offices.<br />
|Social acceptability=Unacceptable<br />
|Social acceptability percentage=100<br />
|Social acceptability text=The is no excuse for Trump having all these documents--classified or unclassified. blatant nonsense like this needs to be called out.<br />
|Label=This is a factual lie.<br />
|Label percentage=100<br />
|Label text=There is substantial evidence that no such "standing order" ever existed.<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Verdict:AffBjc3dc3af6bj3cd3c/2&diff=4575Verdict:AffBjc3dc3af6bj3cd3c/22022-09-01T12:26:03Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
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|Case ID=AffBjc3dc3af6bj3cd3c<br />
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|Truth=no<br />
|Truth percentage=100<br />
|Truth text=There is overwhelming evidence that no such order exists.<br />
|Whole truth=no<br />
|Whole truth percentage=100<br />
|Whole truth text=It's a fabrication.<br />
|Nothing But the truth=no<br />
|Nothing But the truth percentage=100<br />
|Nothing But the truth text=Trump is trying to deflect<br />
|Deceit=Trump wants us to believe that since the documents were supposedly declassified by him, no crime was committed.<br />
|Deceit percentage=100<br />
|Deceit text=The facts is, whether the documents were classified or not doesn't matter. Having them in the first place is the issue. He's trying to make us forget the obvious fact that he did indeed have them in his possession.<br />
|Deceit intended=yes<br />
|Deceit intended percentage=100<br />
|Deceit intended text=Trump is up to his usual tactics--obfuscate, delay, confuse the issue.<br />
|Motivation=To avoid the legal issues and to curry favor with and incite his base<br />
|Motivation percentage=100<br />
|Motivation text=Trump has been able to effectively use the issue to inflame. There have been many. many threats against FBI agents and offices.<br />
|Social acceptability=Unacceptable<br />
|Social acceptability percentage=100<br />
|Social acceptability text=The is no excuse for Trump having all these documents--classified or unclassified. blatent nonsense like this needs to be called out.<br />
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|Label text=There is substantial evidence that no such "standing order" ever existed.<br />
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|Lie=Trump Declassified Everything<br />
|Topic=Factual Lie<br />
|Accusation=The Justice Department said in a court filing this week that the search of Mar-a-Lago resulted in the seizure of more than 100 unique documents with classification markings. But in posts on his social media platform, Trump has argued that he had declassified all of the documents in his possession.<br />
<br />
"Number one, it was all declassified," he wrote in a post on August 12. "Lucky I Declassified!" he wrote in a post this Wednesday.<br />
<br />
Trump's comments about this supposed declassification have been very vague. But conservative writer John Solomon, one of the people Trump named as a representative in his dealings with the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), was more specific in a Fox appearance on August 12. Solomon read a statement, which he said was from Trump's office, claiming that Trump "had a standing order...that documents removed from the Oval Office and taken to the residence were deemed to be declassified the moment he removed them."<br />
This is patently false. Trump and his team have not provided any proof that Trump actually conducted some sort of broad declassification of the documents that ended up at Mar-a-Lago. What's more, eighteen former top Trump administration officials, including two former White House chiefs of staff who spoke on the record, told CNN in August that they never heard of a standing Trump declassification order when they were serving in the administration and that they now believe the claim is false. The former officials used words like "ludicrous," "ridiculous" and "bullsh*t."<br />
<br />
"Total nonsense," said one person who served as a senior White House official. "If that's true, where is the order with his signature on it? If that were the case, there would have been tremendous pushback from the Intel Community and DoD, which would almost certainly have become known to Intel and Armed Services Committees on the Hill."<br />
|Locations=https://www.cnn.com/2022/09/01/politics/fact-check-trump-claims-fbi-search/index.html<br />
|Markup=<b>Trump "had a standing order...that documents removed from the Oval Office and taken to the residence were deemed to be declassified the moment he removed them."</b><br />
|uuid=df7adce4-03a1-4209-a7a2-b3d7d527dd65<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Verdict:AffBjc3dc3af6bj3cd3c/2&diff=4573Verdict:AffBjc3dc3af6bj3cd3c/22022-09-01T12:24:09Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Verdict<br />
|Role=Plaintiff<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/178<br />
|Case ID=AffBjc3dc3af6bj3cd3c<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Truth=no<br />
|Truth percentage=100<br />
|Truth text=There is overwhelming evidence that no such order exists.<br />
|Whole truth=no<br />
|Whole truth percentage=100<br />
|Whole truth text=It's a fabrication.<br />
|Nothing But the truth=no<br />
|Nothing But the truth percentage=100<br />
|Nothing But the truth text=Trump is trying to deflect <br />
|Deceit=Trump wants us to believe that since the documents were supposedly declassified by him, no crime was committed.<br />
|Deceit percentage=100<br />
|Deceit text=The facts is, whether the documents were classified or not doesn't matter. Having them in the first place is the issue. He's trying to make us forget the obvious fact that he did indeed have them in his possession.<br />
|Deceit intended=yes<br />
|Deceit intended percentage=100<br />
|Deceit intended text=Trump is up to his usual tactics--obfuscate, delay, confuse the issue.<br />
|Motivation=To avoid the legal issues and to curry favor with and incite his base<br />
|Motivation percentage=100<br />
|Motivation text=Trump has been able to effectively use the issue to inflame. There have been many. many threats against FBI agents and offices.<br />
|Social acceptability=Unacceptable<br />
|Social acceptability percentage=100<br />
|Social acceptability text=The is no excuse for Trump having all these documents--classified or unclassified. latent nonsense like this needs to be called out.<br />
|Label=This is a factual lie.<br />
|Label percentage=100<br />
|Label text=There is substantial evidence that no such "standing order" ever existed.<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Verdict:AffBjc3dc3af6bj3cd3c/2&diff=4572Verdict:AffBjc3dc3af6bj3cd3c/22022-09-01T12:05:29Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
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<div>{{Verdict<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Role=Plaintiff<br />
|Case ID=AffBjc3dc3af6bj3cd3c<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/178<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Participant/314&diff=4571Participant/3142022-09-01T12:05:28Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Participant<br />
|User=User:Frank<br />
|Role=Plaintiff<br />
|Case ID=AffBjc3dc3af6bj3cd3c<br />
|Workflow=Workflow/178<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/178&diff=4570Workflow/1782022-09-01T12:05:19Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Waiting for Plaintiff verdict<br />
|Filed by=User:Frank<br />
|Case ID=AffBjc3dc3af6bj3cd3c<br />
|Lie=Trump Declassified Everything<br />
|Topic=Factual Lie<br />
|Accusation=The Justice Department said in a court filing this week that the search of Mar-a-Lago resulted in the seizure of more than 100 unique documents with classification markings. But in posts on his social media platform, Trump has argued that he had declassified all of the documents in his possession.<br />
<br />
"Number one, it was all declassified," he wrote in a post on August 12. "Lucky I Declassified!" he wrote in a post this Wednesday.<br />
<br />
Trump's comments about this supposed declassification have been very vague. But conservative writer John Solomon, one of the people Trump named as a representative in his dealings with the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), was more specific in a Fox appearance on August 12. Solomon read a statement, which he said was from Trump's office, claiming that Trump "had a standing order...that documents removed from the Oval Office and taken to the residence were deemed to be declassified the moment he removed them."<br />
This is patently false. Trump and his team have not provided any proof that Trump actually conducted some sort of broad declassification of the documents that ended up at Mar-a-Lago. What's more, eighteen former top Trump administration officials, including two former White House chiefs of staff who spoke on the record, told CNN in August that they never heard of a standing Trump declassification order when they were serving in the administration and that they now believe the claim is false. The former officials used words like "ludicrous," "ridiculous" and "bullsh*t."<br />
<br />
"Total nonsense," said one person who served as a senior White House official. "If that's true, where is the order with his signature on it? If that were the case, there would have been tremendous pushback from the Intel Community and DoD, which would almost certainly have become known to Intel and Armed Services Committees on the Hill."<br />
<br />
|Locations=https://www.cnn.com/2022/09/01/politics/fact-check-trump-claims-fbi-search/index.html<br />
|Markup=<b>Trump "had a standing order...that documents removed from the Oval Office and taken to the residence were deemed to be declassified the moment he removed them."</b><br />
|uuid=df7adce4-03a1-4209-a7a2-b3d7d527dd65<br />
}}</div>Frankhttps://cm2.liecourt.com/index.php?title=Workflow/177&diff=4538Workflow/1772022-08-31T13:35:36Z<p>Frank: Edited with WSForm</p>
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<div>{{Workflow<br />
|Plaintiff verdict=No<br />
|Stage=Needs judge<br />
|Filed by=User:Frank<br />
|Case ID=AffAieAdg0af6aiEadGj<br />
|Lie=Bird Names for Birds<br />
|Topic=Not a lie!<br />
|Accusation=<br />
The concern about eponymous and honorific common bird names is not new. But the movement to see these names changed is.<br />
<br />
Eponyms (a person after whom a discovery, invention, place, etc., is named or thought to be named) and honorific common bird names (a name given to something in honor of a person) are problematic because they perpetuate colonialism and the racism associated with it. The names that these birds currently have—for example, Bachman’s Sparrow—represent and remember people (mainly white men) who often have objectively horrible pasts and do not uphold the morals and standards the bird community should memorialize.<br />
<br />
The vast majority of eponymous common names were applied to birds by European and American naturalists during a period of time known as colonialism, when (primarily) European countries subjugated, exploited, and populated territories held by non-white peoples. To legitimize this endeavor, the concept of race as a classification system was developed, and the white “race” and civilization were considered superior to all others. The impacts of colonialism were global, and the false concept of race used to justify colonialism resulted in the reality of racism, a reality which has structured societies, interactions, and even survival ever since.<br />
<br />
Eponymous common names are essentially verbal statues. They were made to honor the benefactor in perpetuity, and as such reflect the accomplishments and values that the creator esteemed. We are not bound by either the intention or the regard; we should make decisions about who and what we honor based on our own values, values that create a more equitable world for all. By continuing to use eponymous common bird names, we continue to reference and honor our distressful colonial heritage and the racism that was a direct consequence of this malicious exploitation. This is unacceptable, and we must do better.<br />
<br />
Current events in 2020 renewed societal emphasis on social justice and have shown that the time to reevaluate is now, and are largely why this initiative formalized. We are overdue individually, as groups and communities, and as a society to reevaluate our biases, remove barriers of all kinds, and be better. <br />
<br />
Bird Names For Birds—both the initiative and the actual bird names—will not end racism. It won’t even end all of the EDI problems within the bird community. However, it is one step. It is one problem that the bird community can be self-aware of, acknowledge, and rectify. <br />
A growing movement to reexamine names bestowed on everything from college campuses to city streets has swelled to encompass birders, ornithologists, and conservationists. Doing away with honorifics, they say, and renaming birds for the qualities that make each special, could make the birding world more inclusive for those who have long been left out or pushed away. Once unthinkable, the scientific body that governs bird names is finally embarking on a process that could redefine not only what we call myriad birds but also birding itself. <br />
<br />
About 150 of the roughly 2,000 North and Central American bird species have honorifics. Most were named for naturalists, such as Alexander Wilson, a chronicler of birdlife during the early 19th century and widely considered the father of American ornithology. The handful of names that commemorate women mostly use first names; Anna’s Hummingbird is a tribute to French courtier Anna Masséna, wife of an amateur ornithologist. While these figures don’t stir up much controversy, other species are saddled with heavier burdens.<br />
<br />
Audubon’s Shearwater and Audubon’s Oriole honor renowned avian artist John James Audubon (also the namesake of this magazine), an enslaver who collected skulls from Texas battlefields during his travels. His contemporary John Kirk Townsend plundered Native American graves; his legacy lives on with Townsend’s Warbler and Townsend’s Solitaire. Scott’s Oriole carries a banner for General Winfield Scott, who willingly accepted a leading role in the genocide of Native Americans on the Trail of Tears.<br />
|Locations=https://www.audubon.org/magazine/summer-2022/whats-bird-name<br />
|Markup=Doing away with honorifics, they say, and renaming birds for the qualities that make each special, <i>could make the birding world more inclusive for those who have long been left out or pushed away.&nbsp;</i><br />
|uuid=19039ced-e285-43a8-84a9-4b9386d8e67b<br />
|Random judge=User:Veritas<br />
}}</div>Frank